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The Gnostic Carpocrates: Radical Libertinism, the Liberation of the Soul from Cosmic Laws, and the Alexandrian Sect

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The Radical Heresy of Alexandria In the early second century, Alexandria was a city of intense intellectual ferment, where Gnostic teachers were articulating some of the most radical interpretations of the Christian message. Among these, none provoked greater scandal, or proposed a more uncompromising rejection of the conventional moral order, than Carpocrates of Alexandria (active c. 120 – 140 CE). While other Gnostic masters, like Valentinus and Basilides, advocated for strict asceticism, celibacy, and fasting to starve the material body, Carpocrates and his followers took the opposite path. They proposed a radical, antinomian dualism that viewed the moral laws of this world not as divine instructions, but as tools of entrapment created by inferior angels to enslave the human spirit. The writings of Carpocrates are lost, surviving only in the horrified accounts of his orthodox critics—primarily Clement of Alexandria, Irenaeus of Lyons, and Hippolytus of Rome. These heresiologists...