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The Mystery of El Dorado: The Golden King of the Muisca, the Sacred Lake of Guatavita, and the Search for the Golden City

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The Golden King of the Andes In the early sixteenth century, as the Spanish conquistadors were exploring the dense jungles and high mountain ranges of South America, a rumor began to circulate that would drive hundreds of expeditions to their ruin. The legend of El Dorado —"The Gilded One"—did not originally describe a city of gold or a lost empire, but a specific, sacred ceremony performed by the Muisca people of the high Colombian Andes. According to the early chronicles, when a new chieftain ( zipa ) came to power, he would undergo a ritual purification at the sacred Lake Guatavita . The ceremony was described as a majestic, solar liturgy. The chieftain was stripped of his clothing, covered in a sticky resin, and dusted from head to toe with fine gold dust , transforming him into a living, breathing statue of gold. He was then placed on a wooden raft filled with gold ornaments, emeralds, and sacred offerings, and rowed out to the center of the perfectly circular lake. ...