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The Legend of the Lost City of Palenque: The Tomb of King Pakal, the Stone Sarcophagus Lid, and the Astronaut of the Maya

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The Ruins of the Temple of the Inscriptions In the foothills of the Chiapas mountains in southern Mexico, where the limestone cliffs meet the dense Usumacinta rain forest, lies the ancient Mayan city of Palenque (known in the classic period as Lakamha , meaning "Big Water"). Famous for its elegant, stuccoed architecture and its detailed hieroglyphic texts, Palenque was the capital of a wealthy regional kingdom that reached its golden era in the seventh century under the rule of K'inich Janaab' Pakal (Pakal the Great), who governed the city for sixty-eight years. The legend of Palenque is the mystery of the royal tomb . In 1952, the French-Mexican archaeologist Alberto Ruz Lhuillier made a sensational discovery inside the Temple of the Inscriptions . Beneath the stone floor of the temple's summit, he found a hidden stairway filled with rubble that led down into the depths of the pyramid. At the bottom of the stairs, sealed behind a massive stone door, lay a v...