The Elongated Skulls of Paracas: The Cone-Headed Dead of the Peruvian Desert
On the arid Paracas peninsula of southern Peru, where the desert runs down to meet the cold Pacific, a Peruvian archaeologist named Julio Tello made an astonishing discovery in the 1920s. Beneath the parched ground he uncovered a great necropolis, an ancient cemetery holding hundreds of mummified bodies wrapped in some of the most magnificent woven textiles the ancient world ever produced. But it was not the burials or even the exquisite cloth that has kept the name of Paracas alive in the imagination of the world. It was the skulls. Among the dead were individuals whose heads were shaped like nothing in ordinary human experience — long, narrow, and swept dramatically backward into a great tapering cone, as though the skull itself had been drawn out and stretched toward the sky. These are the famous elongated skulls of Paracas, and for a century they have provoked wonder, argument, and a persistent whisper that they might be something other than entirely human. A People of the Desert...