The Gnostic Cerinthus: The Separation of Christ and Jesus, the Demiurgic Creation, and the Early Judeo-Christian Heresy
The Arch-Enemy of the Apostle John In the twilight of the apostolic age, as the first generation of Christian disciples was passing away and the early Church was beginning to establish its theological boundaries in Asia Minor, a teacher of remarkable and disturbing originality appeared in Ephesus. Cerinthus (active c. 100 CE) is one of the most enigmatic and crucial figures in the history of early Gnosticism. He stands at the historical crossroads where the apocalyptic expectations of second-temple Judaism met the emerging speculative metaphysics of the Greco-Egyptian mystery schools. While his writings are completely lost, Cerinthus lives in the memory of the early Church through a famous, dramatic anecdote recorded by Irenaeus of Lyons, who quoted Polycarp, a disciple of the Apostle John. According to the legend, John, the beloved disciple, rushed out of a public bathhouse in Ephesus upon seeing Cerinthus inside, crying out: "Let us fly, lest even the bath-house fall down, be...